How to recognize identity theft

Identity theft does not always announce itself. Sometimes you notice something small and brush it off. But those small things can be big clues.

Here are some of the most common warning signs to watch for.

Bills or statements stop arriving. If you suddenly stop getting mail you usually receive, a thief may have changed your address with a company to hide activity from you.

You get bills for things you did not buy. A collection notice or a bill for a credit card you never opened is a red flag. Do not ignore it, even if you think it is a mistake.

Your credit score drops for no clear reason. If your score falls and you have not missed any payments, someone else may be opening accounts or running up debt in your name.

You are denied credit unexpectedly. If a lender turns you down and it surprises you, ask for the free explanation you are entitled to. Check your credit report right away.

Strange charges appear on your bank or card statements. Small, unfamiliar charges are a common trick. Thieves sometimes test with tiny amounts before making bigger ones.

You get a tax notice about extra income. If the IRS or your state sends a notice saying you earned money you never saw, someone may have used your Social Security number for work.

A doctor or insurer says you have reached your benefits limit. If you get a medical bill for care you did not receive, your health information may have been stolen.

What should you do if you spot these signs?

First, pull your free credit reports. You can get them at AnnualCreditReport.com. Look for accounts, addresses, or employers you do not recognize.

Second, place a fraud alert with one of the three major credit bureaus. That bureau is required to tell the other two. A fraud alert asks lenders to verify your identity before opening new credit.

Third, consider a credit freeze. A freeze is free and stops most new credit from being opened in your name until you lift it.

Fourth, report the theft to the Federal Trade Commission at IdentityTheft.gov. They will give you a personal recovery plan.

You do not have to figure this out alone. These steps are free and designed to help you. Catching identity theft early gives you the best chance to limit the damage.